Level 3 Lesson 41.2 – 请把手举起来。
GRAMMAR: 把 Sentences and 被 Sentences with Complex Complements of Result
In this HSK 3 video lesson we'll learn about 有复杂趋向补语的把字句 (Yǒu Fùzá Qūxiàng Bǔyǔ De Bǎzì Jù, 把 Sentences with Complex Complements of Result) and 有复杂趋向补语的被字句 (Yǒu Fùzá Qūxiàng Bǔyǔ De Bèizì Jù, 被 Sentences with Complex Complements of Result).
- 把 Sentences with Complex Complements of Result
- 被 Sentences with Complex Complements of Result
- When to use 把 Sentences and when not to use 把 Sentences
GRAMMAR
Grammar 1. 有复杂趋向补语的把字句
Yǒu Fùzá Qūxiàng Bǔyǔ De Bǎzì Jù ▸ 把 Sentences with Complex Complements of Result
| ☑ See also 把字句 (Bǎzìjù ▸The 把 Sentences). |
| ☑ See also 把 Sentences with 1) Preposition "在/给" and 2) Compliment Of Direction (+ Place). |
A Complex Complement consist of two Chinese characters, we will use " ◼︎◼︎ " to represent it:
◼︎◼︎ = Complex Complement
For 把 Sentences with Complex Complements of Result, there are two situations:
(1) The Verb Predicate is followed by an Object
We follow this structure:
A 把 B + Verb Predicate + ◼︎◼︎
For example,
- Qǐng bǎ shǒu jǔ qǐlái.
请把手举起来。
Please (-) “ba”{indicating the handling of} (-) (your) hand raise-up. - Wǒ yí huìr jiù bǎ yóujiàn fā guòqù.
我一会儿就把邮件发过去。
I (in) “a short while” “then” (will) (-) “ba”{indicating the handling of} (the) email (-) send-over.
(2) The Verb Predicate is not followed by an Object
We follow this structure, putting the Object in-between the two characters that make up the Complex Complement:
A 把 B + Verb Predicate + ◼︎ Object ◼︎
- Wǒ zhōngyú bǎ shū huán huí túshūguǎn qù le.
我终于把书还回图书馆去了。
I finally (-) “ba”{indicating the handling of} (the) book (-) return-back to (the) library. - Wǒ gāngcái bǎ shuǐguǒ fàng jìn bīngxiāng li qù le.
我刚才把水果放进冰箱里去了。
I just-now (-) “ba”{indicating the handling of} (the) fruit (-) put-into (the) refrigerator.
Grammar 2. 有复杂趋向补语的被字句
Yǒu Fùzá Qūxiàng Bǔyǔ De Bèizì Jù ▸ 被 Sentences with Complex Complements of Result
| ☑ See also 被字句 (bèizìjù ▸ The 被 Sentences). |
A Complex Complement consist of two Chinese characters, we will again use " ◼︎◼︎ " to represent it:
◼︎◼︎ = Complex Complement
For 被 Sentences with Complex Complements of Result, there are also two situations:
(1) The Verb Predicate is followed by an Object
We follow this structure:
A 被 B + Verb Predicate + ◼︎◼︎
For example,
- Chuán zhōngyú bèi háizi men huá guòlái le.
船终于被孩子们划过来了。
(The) boat finally (was) paddled-over-here (by the) children. - Qiānbǐ bèi tā ná qǐlái le.
铅笔被他拿起来了。
(The) pencil (has been) grabbed-up (by) him.
(2) The Verb Predicate is not followed by an Object
We follow this structure, putting the Object in-between the two characters that make up the Complex Complement:
A 被 B + Verb Predicate + ◼︎ Object ◼︎
- Nà wèi lǎo xiānsheng bèi sījī sòng dào yīyuàn qù le.
那位老先生被司机送到医院去了。
That “wei” (of) old gentleman (has) been sent-over-to (the) hospital (by the) driver. - Xiǎo gǒu bèi yéye dài xià lóu lái le.
小狗被爷爷带下楼来了。
(The) little dog (has been) taken-down (the) building (by) grandpa.
Grammar 3. 什么时候该用把字句？什么时候不该用？
Shénme shíhou gāi yòng Bǎzì Jù, shénme shíhou bù gāi yòng? ▸ When to use 把 Sentences and when not to use 把 Sentences?
把字句 is used when three key information need to be highlighted:
- the action that has been performed on the Object
- the change that happened because of the action, or the result that is caused by the action
- the performer of the action who is responsible for the change or the result