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Level 2 Lesson 4.1 – Busier; Less Tired

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Comparison In Chinese With 比 And 没有

In this video lesson we'll learn how to make comparison in Chinese with 比 and 没有. We'll also learn about a grammatical structure: Verb Phrase used as the Subject or the Object in a sentence.

  • Comparison in Chinese with 比 and 没有
  • 快乐 vs 高兴
  •  Verb Phrase used as the Subject or the Object in a sentence

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GRAMMAR


Grammar 1: Comparison in Chinese with 比 and 没有 · HSK 2

We can use 比 bǐ to make a comparison in Chinese, to say that A is more ... than B, using this structure:

A 比 B + adj.

For example,

  • zhège háizi bǐ nàge háizi dà
    这个孩子比那个孩子大。
    this "ge" child (is) bigger/older than that "ge" child
  • zhàngfu bǐ qīzi máng
    丈夫比妻子忙。
    (the) husband (is) busier than (the) wife.

If we want to say a negative sentence with this structure, we must put 不 before 比, for example,

  • zhège háizi bù bǐ nàge háizi dà
    这个孩子不比那个孩子大。
    this "ge" child (is) not bigger/older than that "ge" child
  • zhàngfu bù bǐ qīzi máng
    丈夫比妻子忙。
    (the) husband (is) not busier than (the) wife.

However, there is a more commonly used structure to say A is not as...as B, or A is less... than B, it is

A 没有 B + adj.

For example,

  • Lǐ Jīnglǐ méiyou Zhōu Jīnglǐ máng
    李经理没有周经理忙。
    Manager Li is not as busy as Manager Zhou
    Manager Li is less busy than Manager Zhou
  • wǒ qùnián méiyǒu jīnnián máng
    我去年没有今年忙。
    I last year (am) not as busy as this year
    I last year (am) less busy than this year
  • tā zài gōngsī méiyǒu zài xuéxiào kuàilè
    他在公司没有在学校快乐。
    he in (the) company (is) not as happy as at school
    he in (the) company (is) less happy as at school

 

Grammar 2: 快乐 vs 高兴 in Chinese · HSK 2

We have learned how to say happy in Chinese before, which is 高兴 gāoxìng, 快乐 kuàilè also means happy in Chinese. The difference is that 高兴 is more of a temporary mood of being happy and contend and 快乐 is more of a mental state, like having the feeling of happiness.

For example,

  • nǐ wèishénme měitiān dōu bú kuàile
    你为什么每天都不快乐?
    why (are) you not happy all (of) every day
  • tā zuótiān méiyǒu jīntiān gāoxìng
    他昨天没有今天高兴。
    he yesterday (was) not as happy as today

Also, for us to say "happy birthday", we have to use 快乐 instead of 高兴.

  • shēngrì kuàilè
    生日快乐!
    happy birthday

 

Grammar 3: Verb Phrase used as the Subject or the Object in Chinese · HSK 2

In English when you want to use a verb phrase to be the Subject or the Object, you usually say its "-ing" form, or add "to" in front of the verb.

For example,

  • drinking tea is healthier than drinking cola.
  • I’d like to drink tea.

But in Chinese, we don’t have to change anything, just say the verb phrase as it is. For example,

(1) Verb Phrase used as the Subject

  • dǎ Hànzì hěn kuài
    打汉字很快。
    typing Chinese characters (is) very fast
  • zuò huǒchē tàimànle
    坐火车太慢了。
    taking train (is) too slow

(2) Verb Phrase used as the Object

  • nǐ zhàngfu dǎsuàn xiūxi ma
    你丈夫打算休息吗?
    (does) your husband plan to take a break
  • wǒ fēicháng bù xǐhuan jiābān
    我非常不喜欢加班。
    I very much not like working overtime
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2 Comments
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Johnny K Premium Student May 27, 2023 at 9:44 pm

丈夫:喂,你今天几点回家?我和孩子要和你一起到朋友的加去看电影。
妻子:我不知道,我们公司今天打算要开会。
丈夫:你们公司为什么今天要开会?
妻子:因为我们经理下个周打算要到上海去,他今天在公司,所以今天要开会。
丈夫:你也要和你们经理到上海去吗?
妻子:我不去,我要在办公室加班。他自己去。
丈夫:你怎么每天加班?别人也要每天加班吗?
妻子:我们公司每个人都要每天加班。
丈夫:你要工作,也要休息。不要每天加班了。
妻子:我知道了,我这个星期五不加班,我们和孩子一起去看电影吧。
丈夫:好的。我爱你。

TranLamNgoc Premium Student October 31, 2021 at 4:32 pm
With a sentence 我是一个快乐的人,因为我有很多朋友,我也喜欢我的工作 
. Instead of 快乐 I think there is one more word, it's 幸福, would be more suitable.

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