In today's video lesson we’ll compare Adverb 正在 vs. 在 and the Dynamic / Aspect Particle 着 in Chinese. We'll also learn how to say to do something to someone with Preposition 对.
We have learn Adverb 在 before, suggesting "in process of (+ doing something)". Adverb 正在 also suggests that the action is in progress and is continuous.
For example, the following two sentences have the same meaning:
If we have to point out their differences, 正在 not only emphasizes that the state of the action is “in progress”, but also emphasizes more that the action is “in progress” “at the time of something”, even though the “time” may not be specified but only implied by the context.
正在 and 在can both be used with the Modal Particle 呢 put at the end of a declarative sentence, suggesting that the action or the status is continuing.
For example,
Just like 了(le) and 过(guo), 着 is an Aspect Particle, also known as Dynamic Particle.
The Dynamic / Aspect Particle 着 is used right after an Verb to suggest that an action or a state is “in progress and continuing”, and that it is happening at that specific time of something.
For example,
When saying the ACTION is “in progress and continuing”, 着 can usually be used with adverb “正在” “在” and/or Modal Particle “呢”.
For example,
For negation, we can follow this structure:
For example,
Also because Verb 着 means an action is “in progress and continuing”, we have this very very useful structure:
It means that while the Verb 2 is happening, Verb 1 is also in progress and continuing. For example,
We’ve learned two usages of Preposition 对 before and in today's lesson we'll learn the third one.
The third one is what we going to discuss in this lesson: 对 A Do something, means that A is the target of the action, or that the action is done targeting towards A.
For example,
老师,请问。 为什么在下面的句子没有“着”?我们用“着”吗?谢谢。
Subject + 正在/在 + Verb 着 (+ Object)
Subject + 正在/在 + Verb 着 (+ Object) + 呢
For example,
tā zhèngzài / zài gěi wǒmen sòng wàimài
他正在/在给我们送外卖。
He is delivering delivery food for us.
wǒ zhàngfu zhèngzài / zài kāichuán ne
我丈夫正在/在开船呢!
My husband is driving the boat!
Where can I review the usage of “ne”? I know we covered it but I cannot find it. Thank you very much!
1.6, 1.11, 1.22 & 2.9