Level 3 Lesson 14.2 – 离合词总结

Grammar 3. 离合词的位置

Líhécí De Wèizhì ▸ Position Of 离合词 - In Relation To Other Structures

Some structures need to be used after the 离合词, while some structures need to be used by inserted within a detached 离合词. And also some structures can be used both ways.

If 离合词 is represented with this structure: "V+O", the position of it can be as follows:

1. V + O + other structure
2. V + other structure + O
3. V + O + other structure, and also V + other structure + O

We will go over different structures and how they are used with 离合词 one by one:

(1) Complements of State can only be used after the 离合词

For example,

• Wǒ shuìjiào jīngcháng shuì de tèbié chà.
  我睡觉经常睡得特别差。
  I often sleep really bad.
• Tā xiězì jīngcháng xiě de hěn bù qīngchu.
  他写字经常写得很不清楚。
  He often writes very not clear(ly).

(2) Aspect Particles 着,了, 过 need to be used inserted within a detached 离合词

For example,

• Chāng zhe gē tiàowǔ fēicháng lèi.
  唱着歌跳舞非常累。
  Dancing(, while) singing(, is) very tiring.
• Bì le yè yǐhòu nǐ dǎsuàn qù nǎlǐ gōngzuò?
  毕了业以后你打算去哪里工作？
  Where (do) you plan to go to work (in the) time (that is) after graduating?
• Jiǔ’èr nián yǐhòu wǒmen méiyǒu zài jiàn guo miàn.
  九二年以后我们没有再见过面。
  (In the) time (that is) after year 92 we (had) not again met.

(3) Complements of Time-Duration and Complements of Frequency with 离合词

Complements of Time-Duration：

shuì bā ge xiǎoshí jiào
shuì bā ge xiǎoshí de jiào
shuìjiào shuì bā ge xiǎoshí
睡八个小时觉
睡八个小时的觉
睡觉睡八个小时
to sleep (for) eight “ge” (of) hours

shēng liǎng ge yuè bìng
shēng liǎng ge yù de bìng
shēngbìng shēng liǎng ge yuè
生两个月病
生两个月的病
生病生两个月
to get sick (for) two “ge” (of) months

• Wǒ gēn tā liáo le yí ge xiǎoshí tiān.
  Wǒ gēn tā liáo le yí ge xiǎoshí de tiān.
  Wǒ gēn tā liáotiān liáo le yí ge xiǎoshí.
  我跟他聊了一个小时天。
  我跟他聊了一个小时的天。
  我跟他聊天聊了一个小时。
  I chatted with him (for) one “ge” (of) hour.
• Wǒ měitiān chūqu pǎo sì wǔ shí fēnzhōng bù.
  Wǒ měitiān chūqu pǎo sì wǔ shí fēnzhōng de bù.
  Wǒ měitiān chūqu pǎobù pǎo sì wǔ shí fēnzhōng.
  我每天出去跑四五十分钟步。
  我每天出去跑四五十分钟的步。
  我每天出去跑步跑四五十分钟。
  I every day go out to run (for) (about) forty (or) fifty minutes.

Complements of Frequency：

qǐng yí cì kè
qǐngkè qǐng yí cì
请一次客
请客请一次
to invite(/treat) guests (for) one time

guā yī zhèn fēng
guāfēng guā yí zhèn
刮一阵风
刮风刮一阵
to blow wind (for) one “duration-of-time”

• Wǒ gēn ta liáo guo yí cì tiān.
  Wǒ gēn tā liáotiān liáo guo yí cì.
  我跟他聊过一次天。
  我跟他聊天聊过一次。
  I (have) chatted with him (before) (for) one time.
• Jīnnián de shí’èr yuè tèbié lěng, xià le jǐ cháng xuě.
  Jīnnián de shí’èr yuè tèbié lěng, xiàxuě xià le jǐ cháng.
  今年的十二月特别冷，下了几场雪。
  今年的十二月特别冷，下雪下了几场。
  This year’s December (was) especially cold, (it) snowed (for) a few “chang(/process-of-event)”.