3. 半 bàn · OLD HSK 3 / NEW HSK 1
num. 数词 shùcí ▸ half
We can use 半 in different ways:
(1) 半 + m.w. + n.(phrase) ▸ half a ...
- bàn ge píngguǒ
半个苹果
half “ge” (of) apple
- bàn píng píjiǔ
半瓶啤酒
half bottle (of) beer
Exception: when the n.(phrase) is a 时间词(shíjiāncí ▸ Time Word), sometimes the 量词(liàngcí ▸ Measure Word) can be omitted, while sometimes it cannot. For example,
半 + Time Word
- bàn fēnzhōng
bàn tiān
bàn nián
半分钟
半天
半年
half (a) minute
half (a) day
half (a) year
半 + m.w. + Time Word
- bàn ge xiǎoshí
bàn xiǎoshí
半个小时
半小时
half “ge” (of) hour = half (an) hour
half (an) hour
(2) num. + m.w. + 半 ▸ ... and half
- yì jīn bàn
liǎng jīn bàn
一斤半
两斤半
one (and) half “jin(/500 grams)”
two (and) half “jin(/500 grams)”
- yì nián bàn
liǎng nián bàn
一年半
两年半
one (and) half (a) year
two (and) half (a) years
(3) flexible use, without Measure Word
- bàn jià
半价
half (the original) price
- Zhè xiē shuǐguǒ xiànzài zhǐ yào bàn jià, dàn yí kàn jiù bù xīnxiān, bié mǎi le.
这些水果现在只要半价,但一看就不新鲜,别买了。
These fruits now only requires half (the original) price, but (one can tell that they are) not fresh “right after” looking-at (them), (do)n’t buy.
- guò bàn
过半
to be-over half
- Bǐsài shíjiān yǐjīng guò bàn le, hóngduì hé lánduì dōu hái méi yǒu jìn qiú.
比赛时间已经过半了,红队和蓝队都还没有进球。
(The) match time already went-pass half, (The)-Red-Team and (The)-Blue-Team both still (have) not made-(any)-goal.