Grammar: 指示代词(Zhǐshì Dàicí ▸ Demonstrative Pronoun) 这么/这样/那么/那样 To Indicate “High Degree”
In this HSK 3 video lesson we'll learn how to use 指示代词 (Zhǐshì Dàicí ▸ Demonstrative Pronoun) 这么/这样/那么/那样 to indicate “high degree”
- 这么/这样/那么/那样 + adj.
- A 有 这么/这样/那么/那样 + adj.
A 没(有) 这么/这样/那么/那样 + adj. - A 有 B 这么/这样/那么/那样 + adj.
A 没(有) B 这么/这样/那么/那样 + adj.
See also 指示代词 (Zhǐshì Dàicí ▸ Demonstrative Pronoun) 这么/这样/那么/那样 (II).
GRAMMAR
Grammar 1. 这么/这样/那么/那样 + adj.
zhème/zhèyàng/nàme/nàyàng + adj. ▸ this/this/that/that + adj.
这么, 这样, 那么, 那样 are all 指示代词 (Zhǐshì Dàicí ▸ Demonstrative Pronoun). They can be used before adjectives to indicate "high degree".
❖ For this particular usage, 这么 and 那么 are usually much more likely to be used in spoken language, while 这样 and 那样 sound a lot more formal and dramatic.
这么, 那么 - more common in spoken language
- Wǒ bù xiǎng yòng zhème zāng de xǐshǒujiān.
我不想用这么脏的洗手间。
I (do) not want to use (a) bathroom (that is) so dirty. - Nà zhī xióngmāo nàme kě’ài.
那只熊猫那么可爱。
That “zhi” (of) panda (is) that cute.
这样, 那样 - not as common in spoken language; sound formal and dramatic
- Tā de Hànzì xiě de zhèyàng qīngchu.
他的汉字写得这样清楚。
His Chinese Characters (are) written so clear. - Shéi xiǎng zuò nàyàng xīnkǔ de gōngzuò ne?
谁想做那样辛苦的工作呢？
Who wants to do (a) job (that is) that painstaking?
More practice with 这么 and 那么
- Bàba māma gōngzuò nàme xīnkǔ, yǐjīng hěn jiǔ méiyǒu xiūxi hǎo le.
爸爸妈妈工作那么辛苦，已经很久没有休息好了。
Mom (and) dad (-) (their) work (is) that painstaking, (they) already (for) very long (have) not rested well. - Zhème dà de xínglixiāng, nǐ bāng tā ná yíxià ba!
这么大的行李箱，你帮她拿一下吧！
(It is) such (a) big suitcase, you help her carry (it) really quick! - Nà ge dìfang lí zhèr nàme yuǎn, wǒmen kāichē qù ba!
那个地方离这儿那么远，我们开车去吧！
That place(,) being away from here(,) (is) that fay, (let) us drive to go (there)! - Méi xiǎngdào zhème kě’ài de qúnzi shì nǐ zìjǐ zuò de.
没想到这么可爱的裙子是你自己做的！
(I have) not thought-(with the result of)-thinking-of (that) such cute dress was (something that) you made (by) (your)self!
Grammar 2. A 有 这么/这样/那么/那样 + adj.
A yǒu zhème/zhèyàng/nàme/nàyàng + adj. ▸ A is this/this/that/that + adj.
(1) A 有 这么/这样/那么/那样 + adj.
We can use this structure to say that A is this/that adj.. In this structure, 有 suggests "reaches the evaluation of".
❖ For this particular usage, 这么 and 那么 are usually much more likely to be used in spoken language, while 这样 and 那样 sound a lot more formal and dramatic.
这么, 那么 - more common in spoken language
- Zhè cì lǚxíng de xíngli yǒu zhème duō.
这次旅行的行李有这么多。
Luggage (for) travel this time reaches-the-evaluation-of this much. - Wǒ méi xiǎngdào zuò yīshēng yǒu nàme xīnkǔ.
我没想到做医生有那么辛苦。
I (have) not thought-(with the result of)-thinking-of (that) being (a) doctor “can be” that painstaking.
这样, 那样 - not as common in spoken language; sound formal and dramatic
- Zhè cì lǚxíng de xíngli yǒu zhèyàng duō.
这次旅行的行李有这样多。
Luggage (for) travel this time reaches-the-evaluation-of this much. - Wǒ méi xiǎngdào zuò yīshēng yǒu nàyàng xīnkǔ.
我没想到做医生有那样辛苦。
I (have) not thought-(with the result of)-thinking-of (that) being (a) doctor “can be” that painstaking.
More practice with 这么 and 那么
- Méi xiǎngdào zuò dìtiě yǒu zhème fāngbiàn.
没想到坐地铁有这么方便。
(I have) not thought-(with the result of)-thinking-of (that) taking (the) subway “can be” this convenient. - Wǒ yǐqián zhēnde yǒu nàme pàng.
我以前真的有那么胖。
I (in the) past really (was) that chubby. - Méi xiǎngdào jīntiān lái kàn bǐsài de rén yǒu zhème duō.
没想到今天来看比赛的人有这么多。
(I have) not thought-(with the result of)-thinking-of (that) people (who) come to watch (the) game “reach-the-evaluation-of” this many. - Jiào tā qǐchuáng yǒu nàme nán ma?
叫他起床有那么难吗？
(Does) calling him to get up “reach-the-evaluation-of” that hard?
We can also use 否定词 (Fǒudìngcí ▸ negative word) "没" before "有" to say a negative sentence. Also, "有" can be omitted in this situation with only "没" being used.
In this structure, 这么 and 那么 are also used more commonly in spoken language.
A 没(有) 这么/这样/那么/那样 + adj.
A méi(yǒu) zhème/zhèyàng/nàme/nàyàng + adj. ▸ A isn't this/this/that/that + adj.
- Zhè shuāng xié méiyǒu zhème guì.
这双鞋没(有)这么贵。
This “shuang”(/pair) (of) shoes (are) not this expensive. - Wǒ juéde zhè jiàn shì méiyǒu nàme jiǎndān.
我觉得这件事没(有)那么简单。
I think (that) this “jian” (of) matter/issue (is) not that simple. - Nà shuāng shǒutào méiyǒu zhème piányi.
那双手套没(有)这么便宜。
That pair (of) gloves are not this cheap. - Tāmen jiéhūn méiyǒu nàme jiú.
他们结婚没(有)那么久。
They (have been) married not that long.
Grammar 3. A 有 B 这么/这样/那么/那样 + adj.
A yǒu B zhème/zhèyàng/nàme/nàyàng + adj. ▸ A is this/this/that/that + adj. as B
We can use this structure to make a comparison to say that A is this/that + adj. as B.
❖ For this particular usage, 这么 and 那么 are usually much more likely to be used in spoken language, while 这样 and 那样 sound a lot more formal and dramatic.
这么, 那么 - more common in spoken language
- Shànghǎi de shēnghuó yǒu Běijīng zhème hǎo ma?
上海的生活有北京这么好吗？
(Is) life (in) Shanghai this good (as) (life in) Beijing? - Érzi yǐjīng yǒu bàba nàme gāo le.
儿子已经有爸爸那么高了。
(The) son (is) already that tall (like the) dad.
这样, 那样 - not as common in spoken language; sound formal and dramatic
- Shànghǎi de shēnghuó yǒu Běijīng zhèyàng hǎo ma?
上海的生活有北京这样好吗？
(Is) life (in) Shanghai this good (as) (life in) Beijing? - Érzi yǐjīng yǒu bàba nàyàng gāo le.
儿子已经有爸爸那样高了。
(The) son (is) already that tall (like the) dad.
More practice with 这么 and 那么
- Nà ge wǎn yǒu wǒ de tóu zhème dà.
那个碗有我的头这么大。
That “ge” bowl (is) this big (as) my head. - Xuésheng de huà yǐjīng yǒu lǎoshī huà de nàme hǎo le.
学生的画已经有老师画的那么好了。
(The) student’s painting (is) already that good (as the painting that the) teacher paints. - Nǐ gōngzuò yǒu wǒ zhème xīnkǔ ma?
你工作有我这么辛苦吗？
You work “reach the evaluation of” this hardworking (as) me? - Xīwàng wǒ de Pǔtōnghuà shuō de yǒu nǐ nàme hǎo.
希望我的普通话说得有你那么好。
Hope my Putonghua speak (is) spoken that good (as) you.
We can also use the negative word 没(méi ▸ not) before 有 to say a negative sentence. Also, 有 can be omitted in this situation with only 没 used.
In this structure, 这么 and 那么 are also used more commonly in spoken language.
A 没(有) B 这么/这样/那么/那样 + adj.
A méi(yǒu) B zhème/zhèyàng/nàme/nàyàng + adj. ▸ A isn't this/this/that/that + adj. as B
- Wǒ méiyǒu nǐ xiǎng de zhème niánqīng.
我没(有)你想的这么年轻。
I (am) not this/so young (as) you think. - Xiǎo Xióngmāo méiyǒu Dà Xióngmāo nàme kě’ài.
小熊猫没(有)大熊猫那么可爱。
The Red Pandas (are) not that cute (like) The Giant Pandas. - Wǒ yǐqián xué Hànyǔ méiyǒu xiànzài zhème nǔlì.
我以前学汉语没(有)现在这么努力。
Me(,) (in the) past(,) learning Chinese (was) not this hardworking (as) now. - Zhǎngdà yǐhòu, wǒ méiyǒu xiǎo shíhou nàme kuàilè le.
长大以后，我没(有)小时候那么快乐了。
(In the) time (that is) after growing up, I (am) not that happy (as) when I was small.
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